Estonian language notes

Grammar

Cases

Nominative (nimetav)

  • Kas? Mis?

  • This case is used for the subject of a sentence, representing the "doer" of the action.

  • It is also used for the predicate noun in sentences like "X is Y."

Mida sulle meeldib süüa? = What do like to eat?

Ma armastan pitsat. = I love pizza.

Genitive (omastav)

  • Kelle? Mille?

  • The Genitive case is commonly associated with possession, indicating ownership or affiliation.

  • It is used to express the idea of "belonging to" or "coming from."

See on minu jalgratas = This is my bicycle

See on minu sõbra sülearvuti = This is my friend’s laptop

Partitive (osastav)

  • Keda? Mida?

  • The Partitive case is versatile and is used in various contexts, such as indicating an incomplete action, expressing a part of a whole, or marking the direct object of a negated verb.

  • It is often used with mass nouns and quantifiers.

Illative

Inessive

Elative

Allative

Adessive

Ablative

Translative

Terminative

Essive

Abessive

Comitative

Present tense

I

Singular

  • Mina - I

  • Sina - You (informal, singular)

  • Tema - He/She

  • See - It

Plural

  • Meie - We

  • Teie - You (formal or plural)

  • Nemad - They

Table form

Mina

Ma

I

…​N

Sina

Sa

you (singular)

…​D

Tema

Ta

she/he

…​B

Meie

Me

we

…​ME

Teie

Te

you (plural)

…​TE

Nemad

Nad

they

…​VAD

umbisikuline/impersonal

Website

Videos

Dictionary

https://forum.keel.today/t/parim-sonaraamat-on/12

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